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http://grammar.ccc.commnet.edu/grammar/
Click the link above to find an explanation about grammar basics and the parts of speech. There are quizzes, powerpoint presentations, and in-depth explanations on this website, so I highly recommend that you visit this link.
Here are some of the grammatical terms I frequently test students on (with examples):
Future tense: I will be. Past tense: I studied. Present tense: I study. Conditional tense: I would study. Present progressive tense: I am studying. Future progressive tense: I will be studying. Past progressive tense: I was studying. The progressive tense communicates an ongoing action. Present perfect tense: I have studied. Past perfect tense: I had studied. Future perfect tense: I will have studied. Conditional perfect tense: I would have studied. Present perfect progressive tense: I have been studying. Past perfect progressive tense: I had been studying. Future perfect progressive tense: I will have been studying. Conditional perfect progressive: I would have been studying. comma splice: I opened the book, I turned the page. run-on: He felt that he should run for President he didn't have any money he asked for a loan. independent clause: I am hungry. dependent (subordinate) clause: If you are tired, compound sentence: I am hungry, but I don't have any money. complex sentence: If you are intelligent, you will succeed. compound-complex sentence: He thought about winning, but he lost the game because he wasn't determined. simple sentence: I am joyous. adjective: green adverb: quickly definite article: the indefinite article: a, an preposition: in, over, above, under, underneath, on, below, inside, outside noun: rock pronoun: he possessive pronoun: his personal pronoun: he demonstrative pronoun: this, that, these, those pronoun as adjective: This book gerund: Playing basketball is a great activity. appositive: The student, an intelligent person, immediately knew the answer. fragment: If you believe. comma: , apostrophe: Langston Hughes' book is interesting to read. hyphen: Twenty-one dash: They were quick--but not quick enough to find the answer. semicolon: There is something wrong; we must do something. colon: I have bought many items: a stereo, a computer, and a cell phone. linking verb: She is tall. transitive verb: He broke the board. intransitive verb: He laughed. correlative conjunction: Whether you study or not, you will find the test difficult. subordinating conjunction: Because she studies all day, she is bound to succeed. coordinating conjunction: and, but, nor, or, for, so, yet phrasal verb: I told you to pick up the trash. adverb clause: When you study, do not talk to your friends. noun clause: I know that you are tired. adjective/relative clause: The man whom you spoke with is the future President of the United States. indefinite pronoun: anyone relative pronoun: that, who, whom, whose, which (always at the beginning of an adjective/relative clause) modal: a verb expressing obligation, such as must, ought to, have to, should, may, might
Diagramming sentences:
I am tired, but I still plan to study all night.
pro. linking v. adj. coord. pro. adv. trans.v. infin. adv.
conj. d.o.
compound sentence
Whenever you diagram a sentence, you break it down into its individual parts. Here is a list of common abbreviations used in sentence diagramming: pro.=pronoun; trans. v. = transitive verb; infin.=infinitive; adv. = adverb; coord. conj. =coordinating conjunction; indef. art.= indefinite article; adj.=adjective; linking v. =linking verb. Notice that the infinitive phrase to study is also the direct object of the transitive verb to plan.
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