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http://grammar.ccc.commnet.edu/grammar/
Click the link above to find an explanation about grammar basics and the parts of speech. There are quizzes, powerpoint presentations, and in-depth explanations on this website, so I highly recommend that you visit this link.
Here are some of the grammatical terms I frequently test students on (with examples):
Future tense: I will be. Past tense: I studied. Present tense: I study. Conditional tense: I would study. Present progressive tense: I am studying. Future progressive tense: I will be studying. Past progressive tense: I was studying. The progressive tense communicates an ongoing action. Present perfect tense: I have studied. Past perfect tense: I had studied. Future perfect tense: I will have studied. Conditional perfect tense: I would have studied. Present perfect progressive tense: I have been studying. Past perfect progressive tense: I had been studying. Future perfect progressive tense: I will have been studying. Conditional perfect progressive: I would have been studying. comma splice: I opened the book, I turned the page. run-on: He felt that he should run for President he didn't have any money he asked for a loan. independent clause: I am hungry. dependent (subordinate) clause: If you are tired, compound sentence: I am hungry, but I don't have any money. complex sentence: If you are intelligent, you will succeed. compound-complex sentence: He thought about winning, but he lost the game because he wasn't determined. simple sentence: I am joyous. adjective: green adverb: quickly definite article: the indefinite article: a, an preposition: in, over, above, under, underneath, on, below, inside, outside , along, out of, across, to, with, for noun: rock pronoun: he possessive pronoun: his personal pronoun: he demonstrative pronoun: this, that, these, those pronoun as adjective: This book gerund: Playing basketball is a great activity. appositive: The student, an intelligent person, immediately knew the answer. fragment: If you believe. comma: , apostrophe: Langston Hughes' book is interesting to read. hyphen: Twenty-one dash: They were quick--but not quick enough to find the answer. semicolon: There is something wrong; we must do something. colon: I have bought many items: a stereo, a computer, and a cell phone. linking verb: She is tall. transitive verb: He broke the board. intransitive verb: He laughed. correlative conjunction: Whether you study or not, you will find the test difficult. subordinating conjunction: Because she studies all day, she is bound to succeed. The book, which had an old, dirty jacket, fell apart. Before you study, you should have something to eat. While you study, you should avoid listening to music. As long as you study, you will probably pass all of your classes. coordinating conjunction: and, but, nor, or, for, so, yet I wanted to study, and I hoped to succeed. I wanted to study, but too many people were talking in the library. I don't want to eat apples, nor do I want to eat bananas. You can study, or you can party all night long. I coughed, for I was sick. I walked to school, so I wouldn't have to ride a bus. I told you to study, yet you didn't read a word of your textbook. phrasal verb: I told you to pick up the trash. adverb clause: When you study, do not talk to your friends. noun clause: I know that you are tired. adjective/relative clause: The man whom you spoke with is the future President of the United States. indefinite pronoun: anyone relative pronoun: that, who, whom, whose, which (always at the beginning of an adjective/relative clause) modal: a verb expressing obligation, such as must, ought to, have to, should, may, might
Diagramming sentences:
I am tired, but I still plan to study all night.
pro. linking v. adj. coord. pro. adv. trans.v. infin. adv.
conj. d.o.
compound sentence
Whenever you diagram a sentence, you break it down into its individual parts. Here is a list of common abbreviations used in sentence diagramming: pro.=pronoun; trans. v. = transitive verb; infin.=infinitive; adv. = adverb; coord. conj. =coordinating conjunction; indef. art.= indefinite article; adj.=adjective; linking v. =linking verb. Notice that the infinitive phrase to study is also the direct object of the transitive verb to plan.
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